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Improvement
of physical capacities:
We can improve physical capacities which are related to our biomechanical possibilities
(strength, flexibility, speed, coordination, balance ...) and with our
energy systems providers (cardio-respiratory system etc ...).
Qualities related to the energy possibilities of our muscles and the muscular contraction, depend on the aerobic and anaerobic energy systems. It will be
necessary to seek a better muscular output with an adequate training.
To simplify, let us say that the muscles use three energy systems to provide the energy
required to the muscular contraction (re-synthesis of Adenosine
Tri-Phosphate).
To provide this energy, our muscles spend :
- glucose, lipids and proteins : muscles use in this case the aerobic energy system (presence of
oxygen).
- glucose : muscles use the lactic anaerobic energy system (glucose is degraded in lactic acid).
- creatin phosphates : muscles use the alactic anaerobic energy system die.
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Lack or presence of oxygen
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Duration of the physical effort
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Energy system
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Type of efforts
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Without oxygen
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Less than 10 seconds
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alactic anaerobic
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speed, strength, power
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No produced lactic acid
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Without oxygen
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From 10 sec. to 1 minute
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Lactic anaerobic
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resistance
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Lactic production of lactic acid
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With oxygen
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After 3 min
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Aerobic
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endurance
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No toxic waste
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During an exercise, these three energy systems are requested at the same time. But according to the intensity of the exercise, one or the other of them
becomes dominant. Whatever the sporting discipline, the development of the aerobic energy system is necessary. Specific exercises
can developed
it, indoor or outdoor ...
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